Library System with Barcode Reader - 5867 Words

CHAPTER I THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND Introduction A library is a collection of books, resources, and services, and the structure in which it is housed; it is organized for use and maintained by a public body, an institution, or a private individual. The term library has itself acquired a secondary meaning: a collection of useful material for common use, and in this sense is used in fields such as computer science, mathematics, statistics, electronics and biology. This research is intended for public, institutions and researchers’, use as their resourceful information. In particular, this study will help the library personnel or the librarian in monitoring the books accurately. Further, the use of cataloguing will be†¦show more content†¦These tasks and procedures are considered tedious. In this generation, everything is improved to be concurrent with the new technology. Thus, this paper aims to provide a system that will improve the library of Bangkal High School. Conceptual Framework Input Process Output Figure No.1 Paradigm of the Study In the input, the user gets the book or the library card. In the Process, the barcode reader scans the books or library card. After scanning the barcode, the information of the scanned book or the information of the borrower will display off the screen. Statement of the Problem The study aimed to produce software that is efficient and accurate for the security and safety of the users of the Bangkal Library System. Specifically the study will answer the following question: 1. How do the target users evaluate the proposed software in terms of: a. Efficiency b. Accuracy c. User-Friendliness d. Security 2. What are the assessments of the respondent on the developed software in terms of the following criteria: a. Efficiency b. Accuracy c. User-Friendliness d. Security Hypothesis The following hypothesis will be tested at 0.05 level of significant difference. 1. That there is no significant difference between the respondent assessments on developed software in terms of efficiency, accuracy, user-friendliness and security. 2.Show MoreRelatedâ€Å"a Proposed Library System with Barcode Reader1521 Words   |  7 Pageseasier and more convenient. The relationship between the library and computer is constantly changing that the use of computer contributes to the way man learns and communicates. It easy in this world to strive for changes and since library is no different from any firm and institution, considering the use of computer to perform a given task will be efficient. Librarians have the responsibility not only to know about the ways in which libraries will be managed using techniques of automation, but alsoRead MoreI Know The Lord Has Made This Possible For Me784 Words   |  4 Pagesvolunteer at Teen Challenge. I know the Lord has made this possible for me. Speaking of libraries, I have identified some factors that in my opinion can greatly enhance the use of the library by students and staff members. If I understand you correctly, your desire is for the library to be frequently visited by the students and staff of Teen Challenge. The challenge, in this case, is to establish a library that serves the needs of students and staff member of Teen Challenge. Teen Challenge isRead MoreAll About Barcode8130 Words   |  33 Pages- 7:48pm) TECHNOLOGY BEHIND BARCODES BARCODES have a different way of encoding numbers and letters by using a combination of bars and spaces of varying widths. Think of BARCODES as another way of writing since BARCODES replace keying data. In business, the correct use of BARCODES can reduce inefficiencies and improve company’s productivities. BARCODES are a fast, easy and an accurate way of entering data. A BARCODE doesn’t contain descriptive data. A BARCODE typically has ID data encodedRead MoreA Research Study On Radio Frequency Identification1133 Words   |  5 Pagesaccurate, but also easier to use and faster than other methods. The RFID tag has the same function than a long-established barcode administering an exclusive identifier for each item. There are many applications of this fascinating technology in different industries, such as laundries, car-rental companies, farms, amusement parks, healthcare management race timing or libraries. These innovative tags are being used currently in order to make the companies bigger without spending large quantities ofRead MoreCheckpoint Near Field Communication ( Nfc ) Essay1886 Words   |  8 Pagesdevices, NFC technology brings innovation opportunities to mobile communications. It enables two users to easily communicate and exchange data simply by touching two two NFC enabled devices to each other. Keywords—Near Field Communication (NFC), NFC Reader/writer, MiFare tag, RFID technology, User Identification Number . 1. INTRODUCTION Near field communication (NFC) is a set of ideas and technology that enables smart phones and other devices to establish radio communication with each other by touchingRead MoreAttendance Monitoring System1617 Words   |  7 PagesAttendance Monitoring System. The implementation plan will be amended and updated as new actions are introduced and as developments are implemented to the system. The system tracks the performance of employees regarding their attendance on a daily basis. 1.2 System Overview Attendance Monitoring System provides a foolproof solution using fingerprint authentication with the use of a Barcode Scanner for input and affiliated with payroll system and human resource development system and provides efficientRead MoreRfid Tags And The Checkout Counter Have Rfid1662 Words   |  7 Pagesanimals, etc...) wirelessly within a specified range. Although RFID technology dates back to WWII, it has not been used commercially until fairly recently, when Wal-Mart began using it for inventory management. In an attempt to fully integrate the RFID system, thereby substantially saving on logistics and manpower costs, streamlining in-store automatic product management procedure, and raising the company overall operating efficiency Wal-Mart demanded that its top 100 suppliers to affix a RFID tag ontoRead MoreComputerized Library System5320 Words   |  22 Pagesresearch is to realize that technology is advancing at an incredibly fast pace. Computers are not confined to being used for entertainment but its role in education is also vast. Library is derived from the old French term â€Å"librairie† which means â€Å"a collection of books.† Reading materials in school are stored in libraries. Library is a place in which books and related materials are kept for use but not for sale. It is also organized for use and maintained by a public body, an institution or a private individualRead MoreComputerized Identification System4622 Words   |  19 PagesCHAPTER 1 Introduction A computerized identification system is used to verify the identity of a person. The data is stored in a database of a server. An identification card is a card giving identifying data about a person, as full name, address, age, and color of hair and eyes, and often containing a photograph: for use as identification at a place of employment, school, club, etc. There are various types of identification systems available and implemented across the globe. These are BiometricRead MoreAutomated Vehicle Surveillance System Using Qr Code1591 Words   |  7 PagesAutomated Vehicle Surveillance System Using QR Code Nikhil J. Adsure1, Tanmay N. Kubde2, Umesh J. Patil3 Information Technology Department, Sinhgad Institute of Technology, Lonavala, India1,2,3,4 Abstract: Automation is the use of machines, control systems and information technologies to optimize productivity in the production of goods and delivery of services. The correct incentive for applying automation is to increase productivity, and/or quality beyond that possible with

Which Ideal of the Declaration of Independence Is the Most...

DBQ Our American government became independent from Great Britain, on July 4, 1776. There was a committee of five people who wrote the Declaration of Independence. The Declaration has a structure of an introduction, a statement of ideals about government, a long list of grievances against the British, and a Declaration of Independence from Great Britain. Yet the four ideals; consent of governed, Equality, Unalienable Rights, and the right to alter or abolish, are the foundation of our government. Equality is the most important and the reason our government is so successful to this day. Today our equal rights give us the same opportunities as our neighbors. We have the right to vote, get an education, the freedom of speech, the freedom†¦show more content†¦People of the Declaration of Tea Party Independence wanted to restore the policy which are proved safeguard liberty and prosperity for all. Without the right to alter or abolish our government we would not be able to be as free and strong as we are today. Our American belief that everyone is equal has given people hope, changed lives and helped people’s dreams come true Diana Pham was from communist Vietnam and lived as boat people trying to survive in their home country. Diana Pham her husband Vi Luu came to Chicago in 1980, the day she arrived she knew her family had endless opportunities to be whatever and whoever they wanted to be. â€Å"My daughters, like other Americans, had an equal opportunity to succeed. America has given our family the chance to become whatever we choose to become.† stated Diana Pham. America’s equality changed just one simple immigrant family from Vietnam and is changing so many other immigrants who risk their lives just to come to America and have an opportunity to be whoever and whatever they want to be. The principle of equality in 1776 meant the most to white rich American males. Our government has changed so much since 1776 that equality means both men and women alike. â€Å"We ho ld these truths to be self-evident; that all men and women are created equal.† Women and men stated at the Declaration of SentimentsShow MoreRelatedIdeals : The Age Of Reason And The Declaration Of Independance Essay863 Words   |  4 PagesOctober 2016 Ideals in the Age of Reason Led to the Declaration of Independance In the Age of Reason, writers were most interested in logical arguments. They focused on faith and valued reason and order. The important writers in the Age of Reason were mostly political figures, so the writing concentrated on equality, individualism and self governance. The Declaration of Independence also focuses on equality and self governance by giving people their individual rights. The ideals of the Age ofRead MoreThe American Revolution Set up Equality and Power for America621 Words   |  3 Pagesdemocratic ideals and governments being spread across the world, it set the precedent of equality in our country, and it set it up to be the world power it is today. America’s Revolution gave birth to real applications of Enlightenment ideals, and in doing so spurred movements of independence and democracy around the world during the same time period and into the future. â€Å"Three major events of the American Revolution had great influence on Europe: Signing the Declaration of Independence, ImplementingRead MoreEssay On The Declaration Of Independence778 Words   |  4 Pages On July 4th, 1776, the Declaration of Independence was signed by the founding fathers, thus implementing the foundation of the American government. The Declaration of Independence represents great significance in the history of the United States due to its influence throughout time. The Declaration signifies the rebellion against the British Parliament and the unification of the colonies in the fight for equality, liberty, and justice. Furthermore, the Declaration established a new form of governmentRead MoreEssay On American Imperialism1265 Words   |  6 Pagesshould support imperialism. He himself is American, but where exactly in America is unknown. It is important that this established, as it makes it easier to understand his motivations for promoting what he thinks are best interests for America. The exact date of this publication is not given, but further research states it is from 1885. At around 1885 was a period of time where imperialism was a concept which was spreading quickly to many large countries, and there were many who supported it in the UnitedRead More Modern Day Relevance of The Declaration of Independence Essay969 Words   |  4 PagesRelevance of The Declaration of Independence The Declaration of Independence is one of the most important documents produced by an American thinker. Reading The Declaration of Independence presents the reader with a window into the world of revolutionary America. It conveys the dynamic nature of the time better than any written work of the period. The real importance of The Declaration of Independence lies not in the purpose for which Jefferson created it, to declare independence from Great BritainRead MoreAnalysis Of The Study Of American Literature907 Words   |  4 Pagessignificance, rather than significance to the beliefs and ideals of our society as a whole. In upper-level courses, a study of American Literature is more prominent, focusing on texts that have an impact on our society or give us a glimpse into the lives and emotions of those in early America. One of the most important pieces of American Literature is one that we are all familiar with as it does hold a historical significance – the Declaration of Ind ependence. Another such example of great American literatureRead MoreComparison Of The American Constitution And The Declaration Of Independence713 Words   |  3 PagesThe Declaration of Independence was one of the most important document ever written in our US history. This document defined the colonies freedom from Britain. This document defined that the colonists became its own nation, freeing themselves from Britain. The Declaration of Independence was written with the ideology that everyone will live equally and free. Soon after the Declaration of Independence was written, the Constitution was written. the Constitution was written so that there were rulesRead MoreHistory : The American Revolution Essay1435 Words   |  6 Pagesecstatic feeling when they finally achieved it. The people had an idea of a constitutional freedom and the moral quality, which was strongly held in the people’s hearts in America, and it consequently spread to other countries in the world. It i s believed that American Revolution was the most important chapter in human history just because it was their action that made the ideals of liberty, equality, and justice to materialize. The American Revolution had a very big significance worldwide as it changedRead MoreHistory : The American Revolution1442 Words   |  6 Pagesecstatic feeling when they finally achieved it. The people had an idea of a constitutional freedom and the moral quality, which was strongly held in the people’s hearts in America, and it consequently spread to other countries in the world. It is believed that American Revolution was the most important chapter in human history just because it was their action that made the ideals of liberty, equality, and justice to materialize. The American Revolution had a very big significance worldwide as it changedRead MoreThe Ideas Of The Enlightenment, By Thomas Paine And The Declaration Of Independence767 Words   |  4 Pagesprinciples of liberty, equality, and justice. Thomas Paine was a revolutionary thinker who used Enlightenment ideology as a platform to persuade towards the founding of an independant America, and towards the founding of the Declaration of Independence.   The Declaration of Independence, written by Thomas Jefferson and adopted by the Continental Congress, was the first attempt at putting Enlightenment ideas into work. Thomas Paine used the ideology of the Enlightenment, as well as the informed influence

Mental Health and Intellectual Disabilities Adult Social Care in Engl

Question: Discuss about a Essay on Mental Health and Intellectual Disabilities for Adult Social Care in England? Answer: Introduction Schizophrenia is a state of mental disorder where individual persist unusual social behaviour, reduced realistic expression, development of false beliefs and confused thought process. This disease is common in young adults and can last till mortality. Similarly, Intellectual or learning disabilities are another category of mental disabilities known as Intellectual Development Disorder (IDD) occurring due to reduced IQ below 70 with additional behavioral and cognitive defects (Johnstone, 2012). In this essay, the learner will analyse the care needs of schizophrenia and intellectual disabilities sufferers along with the study of the best possible care provisions to overcome these care needs. The services discussed in this study are Advocacy, community support services, standards for clinical care improvements and psychological interventions. According to Glasby (2012), these care provisions are appropriate to develop better care services, education, support system, cognitive improvements and behavioral modifications. These services are analysed to be the best care delivery mechanism for mental disabilities like schizophrenia and intellectual disabilities as per cultural and ethical sensitivity. Evaluating the needs of people with specific mental health problems and disabilities In this section, the most specific and common needs of people suffering from Schizophrenia and intellectual disabilities are described: - Psychological care requirements It is been identified that the people with developmental or learning disorder develop psychological issues like lack of communication, personality disturbance, cognitive disabilities, the disorder in though process and many more, leading to the development of certain specific psychological care needs. The general intelligence diagnosis process involving in the identification of patients IQ score indicated that patient with Schizophrenia and learning disabilities have cognitive dysfunctions that involve speech handicaps, lack of quality standards in life, defects in memory, delays in oral language development and many other psychological defects that even lead to increasing mortality rate of patient (Jones et al. 2012). Another most important psychological care requirement is the emotional and psychological support that is generally lacking in the life of these patients due to isolation from family. They develop factors like low self-esteem, lack of confidence, lack of relationship desire, incapability to practice pleasure and lack of enthusiasm (Care Quality Commission, 2012). Need of Standards in Hospital community care The community care and health care standards play a very important role in care provision of schizophrenia, intellectual disability or any other mental disorder. Lawrence Kisely (2010) studied the survey where 101 Schizophrenia patients were interviewed to understand their care needs out of which 58 people stated that they need care improvements in the clinical domain related to more liaison health care professionals, improved quality of treatment and the maintenance of more hygienic environment in hospitals. Some other handicaps that occur in care standards for people suffering from these learning disabilities are the lack of consultants in community care, adult psychiatry throughout the UK and lack of clinical management practices (Emerson, 2012). Need of Advocacy, Education, Social care support People with learning disabilities and Schizophrenia often suffer from issues like social isolation, struggle to be attended, lack of proper education, personal support, bullying, unemployment, financial crisis and lacking professional support. These are the most basic and practical issues that are faced by the person having a cognitive imbalance (Kisner and Colby, 2012). Chadwick et al (2012) opines that as per British Institute of Learning Disabilities (BILD) the advocacy is a primary need for people with intellectual disability to achieve social standards. The fulfilment of advocacy will deliver supportive role in social care services. Stylianos and Kehyayan (2012) stated that the patients of Schizophrenia require proper education about their disease because this is a very complex state of mind where people generally do not understand the symptoms of their disease. The Education, Health and Care (EHC) plan helps to identify the education, health and care needs of people suffering from the intellectual disability and schizophrenia, that is further communicated to professional, family, consultant and supports to understand the needs of sufferers. The social care and support needs involve employment, action against isolation, removal of bullying from public spaces and defending their rights and responsibilities. Promoting mental health care that is culturally and ethnically sensitive The social, political, cultural and demographic factors may either leave of positive or a negative impact on sufferers of mental disorder and development of their care provisions. In general understanding, the Social Drift Hypothesis stated that the people suffering from mental disorder are not considered as the complete citizen of society, especially sufferers of intellectual disabilities. The Schizophrenia people were analysed in studies of Tsang et al. (2010) to be socially isolated with the lack of social network, adverse life events, deprivation and social harassment activities like bullying, violence, underestimation, family isolation and lack of housing. For control over such social isolations of schizophrenia and learning disabilities sufferers and developing self-determination, self-confidence the care provision of advocacy practices, community support and care homes are considered most ethical care practices for these patients. Until late 20th century, the children with intellectual disabilities were not allowed for routine public education and were isolated from normally developing children. Their education needs were not met leading to issues like unemployment, lack of communication skills, psychic life experiences and low rate of motivation with low living standards. Wiese et al. (2012) studied a survey where the high rate of unemployment was identified in Caribbean origin people that first presented schizophrenia in the UK. However, in the present situation there are special schools been developed for mental disorder sufferers, which were identified to develop similar levels of stigma as normal children along with great ambitions in career development prospect. Apart from this, there are special schools (SEN schools) for sufferers of intellectual disabilities to let them overcome their learning disabilities and handicaps. These schools properly follow the legal and ethical standards established by legis lation of particular country to deliver education. The cultural and demographic of patients suffering from Schizophrenia and Intellectual disabilities affects the individuals communication methods, mental illness, coping potential, support system and willpower to overcome the disorder. It is been analysed that intellectual disorder patients coming from Urban cities have better coping capacity as compared to patients of rural areas due to their lack of care facilities, special schools, employment options, advocacy and many more measures that help to cure disorders. The care provisions of EHC plan, community care services and cognitive remediation helps to overcome this cultural difference in patients (Shaw et al. 2010). There also exist the impact of gender difference on patients of schizophrenia and intellectual disorder. It is been estimated that mens age of Schizophrenia development is 15 to 25 years and that of women is 25 to 35 years. Similarly, Intellectual disorder is more common in men than women population of UK as well as other countries (Tandon et al. 2010). Heslop et al. (2014) studied that there is more concentration paid to cure the youth sufferers of mental disorder when compared to elder patients because they have the scope for improvement. The care standards provided to the elder crowd are very low in health care system. However, to overcome these issues, there are Proper standards for hospital and community care been developed that also involves training of professionals to meet the care requirements of the patient. Demonstrating knowledge and understanding of effective care provision for disabled people with mental health problems The below described are some of the most successful care provision established in the United Kingdom as well as international level to meet the care needs of patients suffering from schizophrenia and intellectual disability. Advocacy The advocacy care services are support services to vulnerable of society helping them to access knowledge, gather education, explore options, make decisions, communicate effectively, develop self-esteem and protect their rights responsibilities. The person enrolled in advocacy should not be a family member, friend, social workers or NHS professional (Heyman et al. 2010). The BILD is British Institute of Learning Disabilities provides advocacy services to sufferers of learning disabilities as well as their families to understand the disease. They empower the patient to explore choices and make self-decisions. Similarly, the BCSS is British Columbia Schizophrenia Society provides various care services along with advocacy on different regions of United Kingdom as well as Canada for sufferers of schizophrenia. Advocacy service development protocols have to follow the guidelines of Mental Health Act, Care Act 2014 and Community Treatment Order developed for patients with the mental disorder (Highland, N.H.S., 2010). Community Support Services and Standards for clinical care One of the most important care provision developed by Dual Diagnosis of Mental Health learning Disability Policy by NHS is community care services that involve social care for people with learning disabilities and Schizophrenia. These social care services are developed for adult and elder suffering from this mental disorder to deliver support practices that help patient to communicate properly, develop a social network, build relations and overcome their cognitive dysfunctions (Kreyenbuhl et al. 2010). As per Health and Social Care Act 2012, the NHS establishes community care service standards along with procedures for the regular monitoring of these protocols been followed in the care centre. These standard services involve improvement in funding arrangements for local community services, the better law supporting rights of schizophrenia people and better quality standards in the care centre. Some of the most effective community support services are the vision to individual care, family encouragement, personal budgets for patients, trained professionally as service providers, the establishment of social care criteria and better quality of clinical services (Werner and Stawski, 2012). There are various transformations made in Standards of Clinical Care by NHS to improve the care services of patients suffering for learning disabilities and other mental disorder. The inpatient treatment services are improved by standards like admitting special mental health care staff, raising funds for special cases, clinical psychologist, the psychiatrist in hospitals, update personal care plan, formal review collection and transforming care quality services. Psychological Interventions Psychological interventions for treatment of intellectual disabilities The psychological interventions are innovative changes in treatment practices for improving the treatment of the patient. The most effective psychological interventions in the treatment of intellectual disabilities is engaging professionals having skills to deliver behavioural interventions involved in Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) and Psychodynamic Therapy. The CBT involves interventions in talking and communication process to improve the treatment of intellectual disability patients. However, the CBT has certain limitations while working with patients having communication difficulties. Another behavioural intervention is the Psychodynamic therapy that helps to resolve the inner unconscious content of patient that helps to improve the low self-esteem of the patient. Psychological interventions for treatment of Schizophrenia The psychological intervention for schizophrenia involves Individual and Group Psychotherapies along with Psychological Skill Training to professionals. The individual psychotherapy involves the one-to-one interaction of patient and therapist. In contrast, the group psychotherapy is gathering of therapist for some therapeutic objectives. The psychological skill training involves the development of professionalism on the basis of Social learning Theories to analyse the complex behaviour schizophrenia. The training is provided for skill specification, modelling, leadership, didactic, verbal reinforcement and generalization (Pharoah et al. 2010). Reviewing care provision for disabled people with mental health problems The above-described care provision are advocacy, community support services, improvement in clinical care standards and psychological interventions that are working in different manners to meet the necessities of people suffering from intellectual disabilities and schizophrenia. These care provision are the most successful once providing better health care services specifically to these communities. The community care practice of providing adult social care to people with learning disabilities is highly appreciated in England. Jones et al. (2012) opine that according to NHS Information Centre, out of 16.8 fund send by English council in 2010 for social care services, a minimum of 24% was spend in social care of adults with intellectual disabilities. Heyman et al. (2010) indicated that for quality standard improvements the NHS funded 557 to improve the care of people suffering from intellectual disabilities for 58 NHS hospitals and 49 solo hospitals. The implementations of care standards have delivered high-quality care and support services, better hospital facilities, improved personal care plans and better-developed treatment options. The acute liaison nurses and professional in care standards providing exceptional advice and support to intellectually disabled people, families and other staff are considered as best practice in the improvement of health care standards by NHS (Care Quality Commission, 2012). As per Public Health England Department now the practices of establishing advisory groups in health care system is been forwarded due to the successful practice of advocacy. This advisory group in the organization are self-advocates and carers that work for a particular organization to provide advocacy services for patients ( Emerson, 2012). The psychological interventions show effectiveness, however, Pharoah et al. (2010) studied that these interventions have certain limitations like cognitive behavioural therapy for schizophrenia patients suffering from speech defect gets limited because communication cant be processed in therapy due to these speech defects of the patient. The psychodynamic therapy is effective but lacks trust building because they are innovative intervention procedures that require analysis. Chadwick et al (2012) indicated that psychodynamic interventions for disability patients have certain methodological faults that are require revising for better service delivery. Lawrence Kisely (2010) studied that cognitive behavioural therapy is a common intervention used to cure many mental disorder. Therefore, taking it as a solo intervention for intellectual disabilities can create the development of confusion in care specialist to perform and follow protocol. These were the particular pros and cons of these care provisions to cure schizophrenia and intellectual disabilities. Conclusion The mental care services of advocacy, community services and standards of clinical care delivery provides justification to health care needs of schizophrenia and intellectual patients practically by improving hospital care services, better education to patients, family engagement in treatment, social care development and mental support services. However, the psychological interventions of cognitive behavioural therapy fulfill the theoretical criteria established by Cognitive theory of mental status but is not considered as individual service for schizophrenia and intellectual disabilities. Along with this the psychodynamic therapy lacks the practical application outcomes, as this is the most innovative treatment process till date. This study helped the learner to understand the specific care requirements of people suffering from schizophrenia and intellectual disability. There is very less knowledge about the care needs required by people suffering from these mental disorder because these needs are bit complex to understand by manual diagnosis measures. But this study helped to elaborate these specific care needs and the care provision developed till today to overcome these care requirements. However, the lags of care provision indicate that still there is the requirement to revise these processes and implement better care options for schizophrenia and intellectual disabilities. References Books Care Quality Commission, (2012).The state of health care and adult social care in England in 2011/12(Vol. 763). London: The Stationery Office. Emerson, E., (2012).Clinical psychology and people with intellectual disabilities(Vol. 97). New Jersey: John Wiley Sons. Glasby, J., (2012).Understanding health and social care. Bristol: Policy Press. Heyman, B., Alaszewski, A. and Shaw, M., (2010).Risk, safety and clinical practice: health care through the lens of risk. Cambridge: Oxford University Press. Johnstone, D., (2012).An introduction to disability studies. London: Routledge. Kisner, C. and Colby, L.A., (2012).Therapeutic exercise: foundations and techniques. Philadelphia: Fa Davis. Journals Chadwick, A., Street, C., McAndrew, S., and Deacon, M. (2012). Minding our own bodies: Reviewing the literature regarding the perceptions of service users diagnosed with serious mental illness on barriers to accessing physical health care.International Journal of Mental Health Nursing,21(3), pp. 211-219. Heslop, P., Blair, P.S., Fleming, P., Hoghton, M., Marriott, A. and Russ, L., (2014). The Confidential Inquiry into premature deaths of people with intellectual disabilities in the UK: a population-based study.The Lancet, 383 (9920), pp.889-895. Highland, N.H.S., (2010). Clinical Governance Risk Management: Achieving safe, effective, patient-focused care and services. Jones, L., Bellis, M.A., Wood, S., Hughes, K., McCoy, E., Eckley, L., Bates, G., Mikton, C., Shakespeare, T. and Officer, A., (2012). Prevalence and risk of violence against children with disabilities: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.The Lancet,380(9845), pp.899-907. Kreyenbuhl, J., Buchanan, R.W., Dickerson, F.B. and Dixon, L.B., (2010) The schizophrenia patient outcomes research team (PORT): updated treatment recommendations 2009.Schizophrenia bulletin,36(1), pp.94-103. Lawrence, D., Kisely, S. (2010). Review: Inequalities in healthcare provision for people with severe mental illness.Journal of psychopharmacology,24(4), pp. 61-68. Pharoah, F., Mari, J., Rathbone, J., and Wong, W. (2010). Family intervention for schizophrenia.Cochrane Database Syst Rev,2 (9), pp. 12. Shaw, K.L., Clifford, C., Thomas, K. and Meehan, H., (2010) Improving end-of-life care: a critical review of the Gold Standards Framework in primary care.Palliative Medicine, 3(5), pp.45. Stylianos, S. and Kehyayan, V. (2012). Advocacy: critical component in a comprehensive mental health system.American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 82(1), pp. 115-120. Tandon, R., Nasrallah, H.A. and Keshavan, M.S., (2010). Schizophrenia Just the Facts 5- Treatment and prevention Past, present, and future. Schizophrenia research,122(1), pp.1-23. Tsang, H. W. H., Fung, K. M. T., and Chung, R. C. K. (2010). Self-stigma and stages of change as predictors of treatment adherence of individuals with schizophrenia.Psychiatry Research,180(1), pp.10-15. Werner, S. and Stawski, M., (2012). Mental health: knowledge, attitudes and training of professionals on dual diagnosis of intellectual disability and psychiatric disorder.Journal of Intellectual Disability Research,56(3), pp.291-304. Wiese, M., Stancliffe, R.J., Balandin, S., Howarth, G. and Dew, A., (2012). Endà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ofà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ life care and dying: issues raised by staff supporting older people with intellectual disability in community living services.Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities,25(6), pp.571-583.

Oedipus Rex Essays (342 words) - Operas, Oedipus, Sophocles, Creon

Oedipus Rex " A man who is highly renowned and prosperous, but one who is not pre-eminently virtuous and just, whose misfortune, however, is brought upon him not by vice and/or depravity, but by some error of judgment or frailty." - Aristotle In Sophocles' Oedipus The King, Oedipus, the main character who kills his father and marries his mother, undoubtedly qualifies as a tragic hero. According to Aristotle's definition, a tragic hero must be "highly renowned and prosperous." Oedipus was the King of Thebes and was highly renowned for solving the riddle of the Sphinx and killing the monster. A victim of fate vilified by all, he discovers his own downfall and rips out his eyes in self-punishment. This is castration for his incestuous sin. One of Oedipus' key flaws lies in his will to know-and thereby, to control all reality. Oedipus' knowledge and determination help him intellectually with solving mysteries - like the riddle of the Sphinx - but lead him ultimately to his tragic downfall. The petition of the chorus that opens Oedipus the King attests to Oedipus' responsible leadership. He has been a good king for Thebes, and when in trouble is forthright to saving his city, but in his excitement and energy, Oedipus has no discretion. When, for example, Creon wisely hints that they should discuss the prophecy from the oracle in private, Oedipus refuses, insisting that every action related to freeing corruption from the city must be public. In his path to follow his will with an intellectual passion, Oedipus listens to no one and is convinced he is doing nothing but good. His dynamic drive to solve the mystery and perform this intellectual feat in front of all his people end in horror, as he finally discovers that the murderer is no one but himself. By this total error of judgment and blindness Oedipus makes himself a tragic hero. To the chorus, Oedipus explains his blinding as his mournful inability ever to look upon his loved ones again, but the violence also represents his attack on that part of him that cannot stop seeking out and finding what is hidden, despite the fateful consequences.

Gender and Sex Toys and Gender

An American sense of identity and unity by the revoulution essays

An American sense of identity and unity by the revoulution essays Much was going on around the colonies throughout the eve of the Revolution. The extent to which the colonists had developed a sense of an American identity was strong, however, their unity was weak. An American identity was becoming stronger and stronger as the days went by leading up to the eve of the Revolution. One example that can be used to show this is the French and Indian War. After the British and the colonists victory in the war, France was no longer an enemy or a threat and the colonies showed that their militia could fight. An increased confidence emerged among the American army after they fought courageously along the British regulars. However, the British did not pay any recognition to the American militia commission above the rank of captain. This insulted the army and led to a different identity than that of a British one. Also, many of the immigrants that fled from Europe werent from England so they didnt feel at all loyal to the British crown. America had melted into a new race of men... and would one day cause great changes in the world... (Document H). The Stamp Act also contributed to this new American identity. After this tax was imposed, many colonists were outraged and felt a great deal separated from Britain. In contrast to this, unity among the colonies was weak. In 1754 an intercolonial congress meeting was held in Albany, New York knows as the Albany Congress. Ben Franklin wanted the colonies to unite tremendously, even writing one of the first cartoons in American history saying that the colonies needed to join or they would die (Document A). However, that attempt failed. Also, in the South there were many Loyalists whom did not want to unite at all. Some said they would rather be ruled by one tyrant three thousand miles away rather than three thousand tyrants not a mile away (Document D). In addition to this...

Agency costs and ownership structure Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Agency costs and ownership structure - Essay Example A firm is a team effort involving several players - the owners, managers, shareholders, and lenders - that should work together to maximise the value of the firm in terms of profitability, sustainability, and performance. Recent experience, however, in the wake of business bankruptcies and scandals show that this team effort is not achieved in several cases. This paper reviews the available literature on the effects of family ownership, public ownership, and the dispersal of ownership on firm performance and value and provides a summary of the status of our knowledge of these relationships. Agency theory explores the effects of ownership structure on the performance of the firm. The theory states that the value of a firm will depend on the extent to which the interests of principals (owners) and agents (managers) are aligned. However, the interests of the principals are not the same as the interests of the agents, so aligning the two sets of interests will incur so-called agency costs. In this paper, we review the available literature on the application of agency theory in two types of ownership structures. First, we looked at firms that are majority owned, managed, or controlled by a single family and explored whether the aligned interests resulted in lower agency costs and better firm performance. In general, research findings supported the predictions of agency theory: firms where the founder-CEO, or a CEO-heir after the second generation, plays an active management role performed better than firms that are not dominated by a single family. ... cy cost that researchers term as "expropriation" have a negative effect on firm value as the dominant owners "expropriate" perquisites and other benefits to the detriment of minority owners. Second, we compared the performance of public and private firms. Research studies that included firms from a wide range of industries supported the agency theory, but the probability that results were influenced by factors that are endogenous to specific industries affect their external validity, or general applicability, to other industries. By looking at the results of a focused study using sample firms from one industry, we were able to establish the validity of agency theory in explaining firm performance. We also looked at the literature on the effects of a diversified ownership base on firm performance as reflected by stock price, with mixed results due to the effects of increased liquidity, rather than minimisation of agency costs, on improved firm performance. Introduction One of the most discussed topics in finance and economics is the ideal ownership structure that will maximise the value of the firm. This issue touches the core of why firms exist in the first place -to maximise profit for its owners - and explains partially how and why previously successful firms fail. Economists used to assume that everyone - owners, managers, employees, and lenders - act together for the good of the firm. After all, each one is bound by formal and informal contracts to ensure that firm value is maximised (Brealey and Myers, 1996, p. 991). This however seldom happens as there are conflicts of interest that affect firm performance, a phenomenon that academics have attempted to investigate over the last seventy years under the conceptual lens of ownership structure. How and why do

English literature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

English literature - Essay Example He finds his job degrading with long working hours and little time for sleep and rest. His boss is a woman and â€Å"It was funny to have a white woman for a boss in a plant like this one† (Petry n.p.). His lack of interest in work often infuriates his boss. Their stern and hostile behavior makes him angry and it gets hard for him to resist the urge to beat her white employer, saying that he would never beat a woman. Further in the story, Mr. Johnson encounters a white girl working at a coffee shop who refuses to serve him just because he is black; it could be solely Mr. Johnson’s thinking that made him to think that every white person hates the black person. However, he resists his anger with his heart pounding to beat her but somehow; he learns to control his angers and walks out of the coffee shop. Anne Petry further explores how the bad sense of humor that Mae possesses makes Johnson to think that he is a black man with no respect in the society. She jokingly calls him a â€Å"nigger† (Petry n.p.). Her bad sense of humor provokes him to take out his anger, frustration and humiliation he encountered the entire day on her. The story projects that how the evils of racism was a bitter part of reality in American society in 1946. The story revolves around two main themes such as racial discrimination and domestic abuse. The domestic abuse that Mae faced was the outcome of the psychological aggression that was brought into Mr. Johnson due to the humiliation he faced by the hands of two white women. He hated to raise his fist against a woman but his aggression let him do that but this led to the death of his family’s belief, not to hit on any female. Anne Petry explains how our bottled aggressions and frustrations make us to do things that we consider immoral. Johnson is a colorful example of a man who fails to control motions unwinding his sheets of anger and frustration on his

FINAL RESEARCH PAPER Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

FINAL - Research Paper Example designate the following steps in gene therapy: â€Å"first, the partial removal of a patients cells, second, the introduction of normal, functional copies of the gene via vectors to replace defective cells in the patient, and finally, the reintroduction of the modified cells into the patient once the genes have been fixed in their vectors† (Bergeson). Treatment of diseases at the genetic level is a rather tempting prospect. Nevertheless, similar to any intervention in the human body, it can lead to completely unexpected results. Over half a century of development of this field of medicine scientists have received both positive and negative experience in the use of gene therapy. For this reason, currently, the question of whether the further development and use of gene therapy should be allowed is particularly important in modern science. However, despite the various ethical objections to genetic engineering, this paper defends the idea of further development of this field, sin ce the use of gene therapy is able to save a large number of human lives, as well as prevent the development of serious and dangerous diseases, which are rather difficult or even impossible to treat. As mentioned above, humanity suffers from a variety of serious diseases. Moreover, some of them have a hereditary nature that implies that they can pass from parents to their children. The problem is that many of these diseases are resistant to treatment. This means that people who suffer from them are doomed to a painful life. Unlike other healthy people who enjoy life, these people are regular patients of hospitals and clinics, and their lives are always subject to continuous risk. In this regard, gene therapy is seen as a revolution in modern science, which is able to save mankind from a variety of serious and even untreatable diseases that are transmitted by heredity. Historically, gene therapy was aimed at the treatment of hereditary genetic diseases, but later it has expanded its field of

Analyzing Mass Media And Popular Culture English Language Essay

Analyzing Mass Media And Popular Culture English Language Essay Data Workshop 1 Analyzing Mass Media and Popular Culture: Theories of Celebrity Gossip Although many can dismiss celebrity blogs such as www.perezhilton.com and www.wwtdd.com as frivolous and mean, the popularity and prevalence of these websites have a considerable social impact on our world today. For this Data Workshop, you will be analyzing entries in a celebrity blog, using one of the three major social paradigms. Step 1: Collecting Data Choose a celebrity blog and pick five entries. Scrutinize the pictures, read the headlines and text carefully, and review the reader comments. Step 2: Thinking about and Analyzing the Data For the five entries that you have selected, answer the following questions from each of sociologys three major theoretical perspectives. Later, use your data-collection form to write a one page essay summarizing the differences in the theories and their value as a sociological analyst. Compare what you observed to what the textbook says in Ch 1. DATA-COLLECTION FORM FOR THEORIES OF CELEBRITY GOSSIP Data Workshop 1 1. Structural Functionalist Theory: What is the function (or functions) of celebrity gossip blogs for society? What purpose(s) do they serve, and how do they help society maintain stability and order? Do celebrity gossip blogs have manifest and latent functions? Are any dysfunctions built into such publications? 2. Social Conflict Theory: What forms of inequality are revealed in celebrity gossip blogs? In particular, what do celebrity gossip blogs have to say about gender, race, and class inequalities? Who suffers and who benefits from the publication of celebrity gossip blogs? 3. Symbolic Interactionist Theory: What do celebrity gossip blogs mean to society as a whole? What do they mean to individual members of society? Can they have different meanings for different individuals or groups of individuals? How do those meanings get constructed in interaction? And how do celebrity gossip blogs shape and influence our everyday lives? -1 Kim Kardashian is good at twitter 53166_kim_kardashian_at_photoshoot_twitpics_01_123_391lo Kim Kardashian doesnt really do anything of course, but before this our famous celebrities who didnt really do anything were fug whores like Paris Hilton and Nicole Richie. Remember that? What the hell was that all about? So at least Kim is hot, and goes on  her twitter  and posts pics of her kick ass rack. The only way to get even more intimate pictures of Kim is to be black. Comments: Talked ab poop. Said she isnt preggo, hated on blk ppl -2 Rihanna got a new haircut Rihanna By all accounts Rihanna (seen here last night at a Clippers game in LA) is a perfectly nice woman and everyone seems to like and shes a good singer, but very obviously her new bang haircut sucks. If this were  American Idol, these pictures would be turned into a montage with that So You Had a Bad Day song playing over it. Comments: talk ab it being fake, a wig 3 Gwyneth Paltrow has advice for other working moms 56852284 I know some people who have worked with Gwyneth Paltrow and they say shes delightful but that seems impossible to believe. Because shes a complete cunt, delusional and arrogant beyond all comprehension. The latest proof:  on her website GOOP, Paltrow, who is worth 90 million dollars and got married in a castle, has advice for other extremely busy working mothers. Yes that said other. Because thats what she considers herself. And just like all working moms, after she drops her kids at schoolà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Did dance aerobics for 45 minutes then all of the butt lifts and the like. Rushed upstairs to have a shower, doing my post workout stretch while the conditioner was doing its magic on my hair to combine activities/save time. Dressed quickly and rushed downstairs. Her day is essentially filled with stuff like that. The stuff that real working moms do when not at work or being a mom. The stuff they have to squeeze into one hour on the weekend is Paltrows entire life, but shes here to tell them how to do it. Because they dont know. They need tips from Gwyneth Paltrow. Im honestly shocked that she isnt punched in the face at least once every time she leaves the house. 4 Kate Beckinsale is in a bikini SPL240191_003 Kate Beckinsale is down in Mexico this weekend, and unlike the hags at the Golden Globes she looked fantastic in this bikini, and I think thats the same place where Jennifer Aniston is always going. I can see why she likes it. Its basically a rock and theres lots of empty space. Just like her womb. 5 Eva Longoria at the Golden Globes Eva Longoria Eva Longoria at least tried to look sexy for last nights Golden Globe awards, but her depressing tits are useless and so it didnt work. This is one of the most boring and unsexy periods I can ever think of in Hollywood. No one ever wears anything good, and most of the big stars are either not pretty or not pretty anymore. About the most positive thing I can say is that theres room for improvement everywhere. You could find hotter girls putting ads on craiglist asking for you to come rape them. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 1.What is the function (or functions) of celebrity gossip blogs for society? To make fun of people, to show off the latest/ or not so latest trends, to spread gossip/info What purpose(s) do they serve, and how do they help society maintain stability and order? They serve as entertainment purpose/news/ way to spread info- help society maintain order by letting ppl know what is in/not in what to do/not do- Do celebrity gossip blogs have manifest and latent functions? Find something from bookPos effect on society-possibly could help spread trends/ show who is/isnt role models Are any dysfunctions built into such publications? Bad-neg affect, more so thatn manifest latent, gossip is bad- demeaning to persons self confidence- shows bad role models- more mature content 2. What forms of inequality are revealed in celebrity gossip blogs? First one talks ab her obsession with blk ppl, ( only blk can see more pics)-what celebritys have that most common ppl can not do/ or afford to have In particular, what do celebrity gossip blogs have to say about gender, race, and class inequalities? Blk ppl thing- class the mother issue, females- sexy hot whores Who suffers and who benefits from the publication of celebrity gossip blogs? everyone suffers from these blogs, the ppl who are wrote ab suffer bc it degrades self image, children suffer from bad role models Benefit- writer bc so many read them, if decent blog then the readers celebrities could benefit 3. What do celebrity gossip blogs mean to society as a whole? Past time- way to spread info- teach what is not cool/cool What do they mean to individual members of society? Back to the benefit/suffer part Kids are hurt by this, adults are humored by this, celebrity can be degraded by this Can they have different meanings for different individuals or groups of individuals? Yes they do How do those meanings get constructed in interaction? And how do celebrity gossip blogs shape and influence our everyday lives?back to #1 Info from book Pg 11- theoretical approach: roadmaps that connect basic image of society with research Structional functional approach- repeat behavior that affects the viewers pg 12 Pg 12- this approach was to keep ppl unified Pg 12- social dysfunction:social pattern that disturbs Pg 13- social conflict: inequality building up over time Theoretical Perspectives in Blogs From analyzing celebrity blogs we can learn a lot more than the latest gossip. The celebrity blogs provide great insight in the differences between sociologys three major theoretical perspectives. The celebrity blog that I reviewed had great examples of the structural functionalist theory, social conflict theory, and the symbolic internationalist theory that compared nicely to the books definition of each, but still had some different points. First I examined how the structural functionalist theory appeared in the blog. As known by the definition given by the text book the structural functionalist theory is a theory that sees society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability (page 11). One of the major differences I noticed between how the blog portrayed this theory from how the book described this theory is the stability. I did not notice any of the different blog entries or any of the celebrities that appeared in the blog entries to work together to provide stability in todays society, if anything I noticed the celebrities all behaving in different manners that disturbed the stability of the blog. While the book describes social structure as ..gives our lives shape in families, the work place, or the college classroom, ( page 12). A similarity I noticed was how the book explained how manifest and latent functions are a part of the structural-functional approach, and you could see each function within the blog. Manifest functions could be recognized from the comments to each of the blogs, the readers adjusted their thoughts and actions based on the blogs that they read. Secondly, the social conflict theory appeared inside the blog and the book. By definition the social conflict approach is à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ sees society as an arena of inequality that generates conflict and change. (page 13) Overall throughout each blog I examined I saw issues of race, sex, and social classes. The blog that discussed Kim Kardashian was full of issues of race and sex from the main picture to the response. Her risquà © picture provided conflict for the other women viewers who saw it, but the males tended to enjoy it more. Also an issue of race was brought up when the writer of the blog mentioned that you have to be black to get more pictures of Kim. A quote like this could create an issue between all races who read the comment. Thirdly, the symbolic interaction theory that is defined as society as the product of the everyday interactions of individuals. ( page 15) appears inside the blogs entries. The blog gives viewers the opportunity to express their feelings and allow them to interact with others. Also the blog purpose of a blog is to collect data and distribute it to followers, this data can be gossip, news, latest trends, or basically anything. Some of the information can play a positive or negative affect based on the type of reader. The book mentions two different levels of symbolic-interaction, macro-level and micro-level, while the blog provides a great example of each. From the macro-level observing from a helicopter level, you can see the broad focus of the blog is celebrities different styles. The micro, or street level focus, you can see how their different styles affect the followers. Each of the three theories, structural-functionalist, social-conflict, and symbolic interaction have the same goal in mind of analyzing how a particular item affects a society, while each theory has its own specific areas. I believe that each theory builds on each other to provide a in-depth analysis, starting from how things work together, to conflicts that arise, even down to how everyday interactions. ( The blog I used was from www.wwtdd.com. The five blogs I chose were Kate Beckinsale is in a bikini Jan. 17, Eva Longoria at the Golden Globes Jan. 17, Kim Kardashian is good at twitter Jan. 14, Rhianna got a new haircut Jan. 13 and Gwyneth Paltrow has advices for other working moms Jan. 13.

Being Successful in School

Max Pickel 2/19/10 Final Draft Being Successful in School With the help from your impressed teachers and the praise from your parents, all you need now is to get into a good college and continue your schooling into a career of your choice. So, when you try hard in school, and succeed, your grades will steadily improve which then affects the way a college will look at you. In case you don’t know, a college will look at your cumulative GPA in order to decide if you are acceptable for their college. So, this is where all that time and effort in high school pays off and gets noticed. In comparison, if you had taken high school lightly and not succeeded you would have had to go to community college, work harder than you ever have for two years, then transfer out to a university. That is a lot of work in the long run and in all reality, it would be significantly easier to just take high school as seriously as you can. When you put forth that much effort into high school a high-quality university has a better chance of noticing and accepting you because they can see how hard you are willing to work and your high school grades will display your work ethic in a very positive light. In conclusion, being successful in school is only going to benefit you in the end. You will make your parents proud, make your teachers happy, and colleges will take notice of your work ethic and grade point average. I may be only half way through my junior year in high school but I already know the effects of getting first-rate grades and reaping the benefits. It’s definitely not easy, but it’s achievable to anyone who sets their mind to it and works hard at it.

Hispanics and American Society Essay

The size of the overall population of the Hispanics found with the rural areas of America is increasing by the day and this population has trickled over to the urban areas. The effects of their increase is felt by the overall American society as the Hispanics have adopted a particular social way of living that indeed has affected the social, educational and the political life of the Americans. This paper will tackle the challenging issues faced by the Hispanics living in America including the dysfunctional families, use of drugs among individuals in this community, their educational achievements; rate of attrition and the issue of single parenthood that dominates this community. Main body Literature review Kenneth M. J. and Licther T. D. (2007) have given a recount of the population estimates of the Hispanics living within the American territory as per a research they carried between the year 2000 and 2007. They explain the rate of increase in the population of Hispanics since the year 2000 and their current estimates. They explain that the current population of the Hispanics is an estimated 14% of the total population residing in the United States. They have shown that between the year 2000 and 2007, the rate of increase in the population of this group of people accounted for more than a half of the total population gain that the United States experienced within the said period. The results of the research attributed the increase to a very high fertility rate as opposed to the rate of immigration that led to the population increase prior to the said time period. The research does not however eliminate immigration as a factor of population increase as it still accounts for a lesser percentage of the increase in population. Kenneth and Licther have also covered the redistribution of the Hispanic population towards the internal geographical areas of the United States from the traditional gateway cities found in the southwest and into the suburbs represented by large and small metro areas, the non metro communities as well as the rural areas (Kenneth & Licther 2007pp32-47) Denlinger, K. 2005 has covered the area of economic and social challenges confronted by the Hispanics in America. Five social indices that mark the social needs of the Hispanic families have been explained here. They include poverty, income, age, immigration and fertility. Poverty rates among the Hispanic families in the year 1999 are put at 20. 2% as compared to the9. 3% rate for the whole nation in the same year as well as the 5. 5% rate among non-Hispanic white families. The said rates differ with the kind of families where the single parent headed families performed badly at an overwhelming 39% and the families headed by both parents at 14. 2%. The median income for the Hispanics is approximated at 60% that of the families residing in the United States at 32,000 dollars as compared to the 52,000 dollars of the American population. Just like with the poverty rates single parent headed houses especially those headed by women performed poorly than all other types of families. On the overall age of the Hispanics is much younger than that of the overall American age. The Hispanics have an approximated median at 26. 3 for males and 25. 5 for females as compared to the 34 years for males and 36 years for females across America. Denlinger’s findings on the rates of fertility among the Hispanics are similar to that made by Kenneth and Licther. He explains that on average, the Hispanic women have much greater fertility levels than any other group residing in America. He records findings of a 2000 research that shows that 13. 6% of the 60. 9 million women of child bearing age were Hispanics who gave birth to 19. 3% of the 3. 9 million children born in 2000. The young ages of the Hispanic mothers increases the possibility of bearing children (Denlinger 2005 p45, 52-60, 73). Weber 2004 captures the rates of immigration of the Hispanics to the United States. He explains the results of the census 2000 that yielded the count of 16. 1 million Hispanics out of the 35. 4 million that were living in the United States were born elsewhere but had migrated to the United States. He goes back in time to the 1980 up to the year 2000 where he estimates the number of Hispanics that immigrated to the United States to be 12. 5 million. The significance of Weber’s book to my paper is the identification of the indices that mark the social needs of the Hispanics living in the United States. This was done by the virtue of appreciating the fact that the Hispanics living in the United States are not a homogenous group but a collection of people with particular differences in terms of financial status, social status, marital status and the many social dynamics that exist in social living. He has however attempted to comprehensively cover the indices that related to the wider group as an estimated general consideration (Weber 2004PP23-46). Akins has captured the issue of substance abuse among Hispanics immigrants living in America. He draws from a research conducted by the Oregon State University that had surveyed a total of 6,714 adults who were living in Washington of which 1,690 of them turned out to be immigrant Hispanics. He contributes to the significance of the paper by raising points that he concluded from the research conducted. He found out that the immigrants were in large numbers taking up the habits they found with the white Americans to the predicament of their own cultural practices. He has reported on a number of studies conducted in areas where there were great Hispanic concentrations like Florida, the Southwest and California. He found out that the Hispanics had a reduced chance of experiencing acculturation due to their tendencies of clumping together into ethnic communities. But the research yielded that accultured Hispanics had a 13 times possibility of doing drugs than their non-accultured counterparts. The study indicated a 6. 4% illicit drug use among the white communities while the accultured Hispanics had a 7. 2 percentage use in illicit drugs. At the same time, the research yielded a less than 1% illicit drug use among the non-accultured Hispanics. Akins reported that the general trend within the Hispanic communities was a commitment to the family and intolerance towards use of alcohol and drugs. The drug using accultured Hispanics emulated the patterns of the white drug users. Some of the findings of the research revealed that accultured Hispanics had a double tendency to binge and thrice as likely to drink continuously for days without sobering up. Frazier et al. 2006 has focused on the academics of the Hispanics living in America. He associates the massive concentrations of Hispanics found in the lowest levels of jobs in America to lack of education and their challenged use of the English language. Recent immigrants usually have little formal education and the poorest command of English which puts them at the greatest disadvantage in acquisition of well paying jobs. This problem also trickles down to their children who limited in their upward social mobility. Frazier explains that many Hispanics face problems completing high school which leaves them without the necessary skills to compete for high paying jobs seeing that the United States’ economy is driven by technology and information. The book shows how immigrant student Hispanics and the American born Hispanics have a less likelihood of graduating from high school than their non-Hispanic counterparts. A relationship between the improvements of the academic standards with the Hispanics’ success in the job market has been struck in this book and serves to create one of the dynamics within the paper that explains the predicament of the Hispanics in the United States. A study on high school graduation rates conducted in the United States approximated the percentage of high school completion among the Hispanics as the lowest at 33. 8% (Frazier et al. 2006p218-233). The overall approach with the referencing has been the utilization of a very recent time period for the studies conducted. Most of the information contained within the reference material has utilized very recent experiences of the Hispanics within the American society. Kenneth and Licther for example have limited the time period for their study between the years 2000 to 2007. Denlinger sought to focus on the year 1999 and other recent years; the author who has drawn his ideas from a long time period appears to be Weber who has drawn on the experiences of the Hispanics in the 1980s all the way to the year 2000. Even then, most of the authors have drawn their conclusions on the historical experiences of the Hispanics from their very beginnings in migrating to the America and settling there either as illegal immigrants or as American citizens by virtue of the natural birth that immediately confers American citizenry to the people born within America. The theoretical understanding of the Hispanics has been drawn from previous studies conducted by the authors e. g. Akins based his study on a research that was conducted by the Oregon state University. Other authors based their ideas on the researches that they themselves conducted among the Hispanics in America. Such authors include Denlinger. Scholarly journals and academic materials have also formed sources of information for the authors of the references I have used. The findings of this study reflect a symbolic interactionist approach since it reflects the individuals in this case the Hispanics as social products of the society from which they come from. The Hispanics for example have had problems with attaining good jobs because they do not have the academic skills required for competing for well paying jobs. This is a direct result of the kind of life they lead which is dictated by the financial challenges they face within the society. Conclusion The Hispanics who live in America are quite challenged especially due to their lack of an education that has helped to elevate the social standing of the people living within the United States. Though they have been faced by a predicament whose magnitude they bear, it is also apparent that they affect the whole of the American society since their presence in large numbers through immigration or high fertility rate happen to pressure the social amenities and other facilities e. g. the health facilities that are already in place. It has been feared that they might course a population proliferation if their current fertility trends persist and attract great competition for the good jobs that the American born population currently enjoy. Even then there is need to check on the positive side of the presence of the Hispanics within the American territory for example, they have enriched the American culture through the addition of their cultural beliefs and practices. At the same time, they have involved themselves with the low ranking jobs which the Americans loath. This way they assist with the growth of the economy. References Akins, J. & Arrighi, B. (2007) Hispanics in America Today?. Oxford University Press P101 Denlinger, K. (2005) Hispanics in America: The â€Å"resting monster† wakens?. Sage publishers p45, 52-60, 73 Frazier, J. , Margai, F & Tettey, F. (2006) Race and position: justice issues in urban America. Sage pub pp218-233? Kenneth, M. J. & Licther, T. D. (2007) Hispanics and the future of America?. McGraw hill publishers. pp32-47 Weber, D. (2004) The Spanish border in North America?. Macmillan publishers PP23-46

riding the rails essays

riding the rails essays The Depression caused hard times for everybody, but I think it was especially difficult for men since they were the ones responsible for making the money for food and things for the families. This forced many of them to leave their homes in search of work, most just rode the railroads in search of work. These men were dubbed the name "Hobos". One story that I read was about a guy named Henry Koczar, from East Chicago. He was 19 years old when he left his family. Being part of a big family mad it hard on his parents to put food on the table every day. Especially because his father was now suffering from stomach ulcers and to top it off out of work. Henry wanted only for his family to have it a little bit easier and felt he was old enough now to start working on his own. So in September of 1932 he took off on a train in hopes of lightening the burden on his family. Now not all of the hobos were out of high school and ready for work. Some of them were just kids when they started life on their own. The ones I'm going to talk about were only 11, 12 and 13 years old! Berkeley Hacket was one of those kids that didn't enjoy school too much. One day he just ran away on his way there. The year was 1929, he was 13 years old. Dials and Emmy, I think, were smart. They kept each other company along the way. The two left their Seattle home in 1929. When they reached Auborn Yards it was near 2:00, shortly after they began their eight hour haul over the Cascade Mountains. Emma was 11 and Dials was 12. Claude Franklin simply said his lust to wander was all it took for him to run away. Leslie E. Pauls had kind of an ironically coincidental situation, he happened to be the son and step-son of railroad men. He keeps vivid memories of his Duluth home, sittin' back in the summer time on the porch he grew up on. That was when he left, in the summer, it was 1933 and he had just graduated from high school ...

How the Civil War change the lives of the people in the US essays

How the Civil War change the lives of the people in the US essays Many peoples lives were greatly affected after the civil war. Some of the changes were good and some were bad. The civil war era is one of the most serious and interesting war in our nations history. These two different events that changed many lives of the people in the United States are slavery and African American art. The Civil War changed the lives of the family and friends of the soldiers. When slavery began, it was not the cause of racism but was the method for land owners to obtain free labor. It wasnt until the late 1800s to early 1900s that racism entered the picture. Near the end of the civil war in November 1862, 12,000 union troops landed on Hilton Head Island. The Union forces continued toward Beaufort, to take control of the nearby Islands where more than 10,000 slaves were kept. As the plantation owners fled the area, the slaves were privately free. On January 1, 1863, U.S. President Abraham Lincoln declared to free all slaves living in the country. This Emancipation Proclamation only freed a few people but it did show the Americans the civil war was now being fought to end slavery. Another event that was changed after the civil war was African-American art. Being a visual artist required talent, but, for the African-American artists, it was not enough. The race were determined if they could be trained. These African-American artists were excluded from the academies, associations, and teaching institution available to white artists. After the civil war, a host of African-American visual arts started to be recognized. They still had a hard time, but it kept improving in time. They had to compete with other African-American artists for recognition and earnings for their pieces of art. The main people thats lives were changed were the family and friends of the soldiers. The soldiers would have to leave their family for battles. The families never knew when or i...

50p dq thanksgiving Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

50p dq thanksgiving - Essay Example Greetings makes me feel more than just a customer; a guest. Over time, I have noticed that I have a tendency of spending a lot on my budget and frequently when purchasing something. Unwelcoming stores make me feel stressed, insecure and uncomfortable (Bonita Springs, FL: The situation changes when I visit places where I am familiar with the products supplied. However, in such places I always want to be complimented because it prides my heart for example to be reassured of the perfection of the product and how it suits my interest. It makes me feel the worth of the product and in essence add enormous goodwill (Bonita Springs, FL: Addington & Wentworth, 1997). Given the chance in large stores, one is familiar with its products enables me to make an individual choice without distraction. It is from such endeavors that I cherish the space when in a store. In conclusion, welcoming is a good gesture because it makes one feel relaxed and will be able to concentrate on working. On the other hand, guidance during a shopping session, enables one to make an informed choice. The right mix of welcoming, guidance and a bit of space to make personal choices is what I like to

Land Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Land Law - Essay Example Therefore, it is important to now that Under (Law of Property Act 1925 s 199(1)(ii)(a)), the occupant(s) of the property have major interests ‘since it is implicit in Williams & Glyn’s Bank v Boland [1981] AC 487, Midland Bank v Dobson [1986] 1 FLR 171 and Lloyds Bank v Rosset [1991] 1 AC 107 that the beneficial interest (of the third parties) under this trust precedes the court order’ (Milney, 1997). It is an important consideration that belief involved in proprietary estoppel cases can be in any rights in and over the property. Tom, another third party, through a properly executed deed, was given exclusive possession over a cottage in the property for a period of six years. In simpler words, the said cottage was given on lease to Tom by the sole registered owner, Simon. The deed is a legal contact between the two parties with specified terms and conditions. The contractual obligations are legally binding on the two parties. When the property is transferred or sold to another person, the liabilities and other encumbrances, unless discounted, are also carried forward, without affecting the rights of the people, especially those who are leased part of the property through proper legal deals. According to LRA 2002(c.9) Section 12(8), ‘registration with possessory title has the same effect as registration with absolute title, except that it does not affect the enforcement of any estate, right or interest adverse to, or in derogation of, the proprietor’s title subsisting at the time of registration or then capable of arising’ (www.opsi.gov.uk). Simon had also given right of way over his driveway to his neighbour Nora, for ‘as long as you live’. This law of easement primarily provides a right to use a piece of land by the neighbours for performing specific functions. The most popular easement is ‘right to

Human Resources Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Human Resources Management - Essay Example It offers new â€Å"lenses on the tacit and evolutionary aspects of HRM and the value to create† (Berman et al, p, 59). HR is a huge field that begin, creates a policy, carries out and finishes with a continuing solution. To manage Human Resources appears to be extremely simple, although when it comes to be the player then begins the actual problem in dealing with it. It is always trouble-free to give emphasis to a person â€Å"or to that matter anyone about anything† (Berman et al, p, 192). Nonetheless, the greatest is valued at all times. HR in a corporation is constantly available to every one of them regardless of the levels. To begin or make the initial progress, it is the HR division that everyone must get in contact with. They manage the guiding principles and methods within the business for which â€Å"it would have been a year, to do so; provided the focus is on to Quality processes† (Berman et al, p, 221). HR processes incorporates (1) selecting and hir ing staff; (2) guidance and progress; (3) recompense and remuneration; (4) performance appraisal method; and (5) worker relationships. Thorough HR scheduling connects individuals’ management with the company’s duty, image, objectives and aims, in addition to its strategic arrangement as well as budgetary funds. A main objective of HR scheduling is to acquire the accurate amount of individuals with the correct expertise, understanding as well as competencies within the accurate careers on the correct time and at the accurate expenditure. The stress is on connection to strategic scheduling as well as business scheduling in the initial sentence, and the stress is on the planning as well as arrangement of personnel and workers in the final sentence; the procedures through which administration guarantees the correct human resources that are competent of carrying out those assignments that facilitate the business to achieve its goals. Human resource scheduling is the develop ment of human resource tasks, or â€Å"in other words, planning how human resource management will be executed† (Noe et al, p. 123). Therefore, to all intents and purposes, HR scheduling is the expansion of plans in these regions or within similar regions. One might want to extend his personal list related to the business - a record that reveals the functions that HR does within the business. Several individuals connect human resource scheduling with what big businesses do. That is for the reason that, more or less by obligation, big businesses requires to have a lot more proper as well as broad approach to HR scheduling due to their â€Å"size and the intricacy of their businesses† (Noe et al, p. 153). That said, even a company owner having a small number of workers have to consider different employees and human resources concerns. â€Å"Several small company owners do this without really thinking about it† (Noe et al, p.235). For instance, a small company owne r has to consider as well as plan regarding what benefits to present, how to supervise development of personnel, how to forecast the number of employees that are required, how to assess worker performance, and so on. There are five stages of strategic orientation. All build on the earlier one, offering a road map and an assessment of development towards strategic orientation. The five stages are â€Å"(1) involvement in strategic discussion; (2) strategic development; (3) strategic size; (4) creating a strategic

Hitler Social Problem Essay Example for Free

Hitler Social Problem Essay The topic I will be researching as my social problem will be World War Two and Hitler. This topic reminds me of the quote I’ve chosen by Abraham Lincoln, â€Å"Nearly all men can stand adversity, but if you want to test a man’s character, give him power. † This reminds me of Hitler because Hitler was a descent man before he gained power. In this social problem Hitler holds the power. He is able to control a whole army and make them kill the Jewish people. I will be talking about Hitler’s early years his time during war how he controlled his army and so much more. Adolf Hitler was born in Austria on April 20 in 1889 he had six siblings. By the time he was three his family moved from to Germany. When Hitler was a chided h clashed often with his father. Hitler was detached and introverted he differed from his father, because his father didn’t approve of Hitler’s interest in art rather than business. Hitler also showed an interested in German nationalism. The nationalism was his motivating force in his life. Once Hitler was a young man he worked as a watercolor painter and casual laborer. He applied to the Academy of Fine Arts and got rejected twice. He lived in a homeless shelter for several years. During the time of WWI Hitler applied to serve in Germany’s army he was accepted in August of 1914. Hitler was a decorated soldier he had received a metal for bravery, Iron Cross First Class, and Black Wound Badge. Hitler wasn’t satisfied with the collapse of the war effort this reinforced his passion for Germany patriotism; he was shocked by Germanys surrender in 1918. He believed that the German army was betrayed by civilian leaders and Marxists. After WWI Hitler returned home and continued work for the military as an intelligence officer. Hitler was invited to join DAP (the German workers party) and he did in 1919. In 1921 Hitler replaced Drexler as the new DAP; NSDAP Chairman. In front of 3000 people at a large beer hall in Munich Hitler announced that the national revolution had begun and declared a new formation of a new government. Three days after this Hitler was arrested and tried for high treason he had a year in prison. During this time he written his first book â€Å"Mein Kampf Vol. 1† this book outlined his plans to transform German society into a society based on race. Hitler’s rise to power begins, The Great Depression in Germany provided Hitler with a great political opportunity. The Germans were more open to extremist options in government because their faith in their current government is failing. Hitler used this to his advantage. After Hitler lost the presidency vote he was appointed as chancellor in order to promote political balance. He used his position to form legal dictatorship. Having gained control mover legislative and executive branches of Government, Hitler and his political allies embarked on a systematic suppression of the rest of the political opposition. By the end of June the other parties disbanded. After July 1933 Hitler’s Nazi party was the only legal political party in Germany. The day before Hindenburg’s death in August of 1934 the cabinet had made a law inactivating the office of president and leaving all the power to the chancellor. Hitler thus becoming head of state, and was named as Germany’s leader and chancellor. As head of state Hitler had full control of the armed forces. Hitler withdrew from the League of Nations. Thus concluding his rise to power. Hitler’s beliefs were a nation for racial hygiene. New laws included banning marriage between non-Jewish and Jewish Germans, and deprived â€Å"non-Aryans† of the benefits of German citizenship. His early eugenic politics targeted children with mental or physical disabilities then later targeting adults with the same disability. More groups the Nazis targeted were the Jewish people, communists, homosexuals, Jehovah’s Witness, trade unionists, among others. However Hitler never spoke publicly about the killings of these groups of people. Hitler got people to believe in his beliefs by using the great depression to his advantage, people at this time wanted a change and he provided them with one. He also told people of the conspiracy involving the Jewish people. This was Hitler’s use of ethos in his speeches. This is what convinced people to believe this was the right thing happening. You see Hitler was a descent man as you read in his early years. He was descent until he got power. This is why Hitler reminds me of Abraham Lincoln’s quote â€Å"Nearly all men ca stands adversity, but if you want to test a man’s character give him power. † Hitler was given power, and his character turned sour and ended up killing thousands of people.

Palestine And Isreal Conflict Essay -- essays research papers

Territorial disputes over which religion should have control over the holy lands have been ongoing for about two thousand years with little to no resolution in sight. Everyday, on the news, there is a story about how there was retaliation over the killing of a Palestinian or Israeli. As a result of these more are killed leading to the cyclical pattern of retribution. This conflict has diminutive weight in the eyes of the people of the world since it has been carried on for so long. The argument for both groups is a claim that Jerusalem is the rightful possession of their religion and the key to the survival of their cultures. Promises for peace are frequent but never upheld by either side. As the everyday struggle for peace continues little is accomplished to up hold that pledge for peace to end the violence and hate. The shouting voices of the Palestinian People in the streets cry out in anger, †Down the olive branch, long live the gun.† There is more to the never endin g holy war than that of which the media allows us to see, the fear and loathing for that of a better life. The trifling stories of the individual are frequently untold even though they are a transgression committed against personal liberties.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When the rest of the world gets involved it becomes a much more complicated affair than if people were to leave it alone for the two countries to work it out between themselves. The Palestinians and the Israelis could view intervention as siding with one side or the other leading to defensiveness and therefor slowing down or sometimes halting any progress that may have been made. Since the late 1940’s the Untied Nations has become increasingly more involved in order to put and end to the human suffering of the people in that region. By having the two groups send representatives to the Netherlands, which is seen as a non-partisan territory that would be less intrusive in negotiations. The United Nations and the Palestinian Liberation Organization have assembled and come to resolutions that were thought to be in the best interest of each of the countries in order to instill peace and bring order to the region. By this process there has been much animosity bui lding within the population with civilians killing soldiers and vice versa as seen on the news reports.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In around the year 750 A.C.E the A... ...and being helpful and non-intrusive in the peace making process. Since the UN General Assembly met in 1947 and recommended that the land be partitioned among the two groups. In this the Jewish people took less land than they originally had previously wished to control. The PLO was formed of the different Arab groups that wanted to control the Israeli occupied territory. This is an example of how intervention from groups could be used to further their cause. In 1974 the UN recognizes the PLO as a legitimate representative body of the Palestinian people and therefore fueling the nationalism within the hearts of its people which is good for their cause. After the Israelis had defeated the Arabic aggressors they then were forced by the UN to return the settlements taken in the war. This action would not have been taken if the Arabs were to win. The PLO would have let them keep the lands since their primary goal was to destroy Israeli. Because of these efforts to maintain peace it is a better premise than if it were to be left up to the factions to settle disputes for themselves. The UN has used their influence to pursue a more peaceful resolution and to save the lives of the citizens.

Jonathan Glover Essay

Jonathan Glover (born 1941) is a British philosopher known for his studies on ethics. He was educated at Tonbridge School, later going on to Corpus Christi College, Oxford. He was a fellow and tutor in philosophy at New College, Oxford. He currently teaches ethics at King’s College London. Glover is a fellow of the Hastings Center, an independent bioethics research institution in the United States. Glover’s book Causing Death and Saving Lives, first published in 1977, addresses practical moral questions about life and death decisions in the areas of abortion, infanticide, suicide, euthanasia, choices between people, capital punishment, and war. His approach is broadly consequentialist, though he gives significant weight to questions of individual autonomy, the Kantian notion that we ought to treat other people as ends in themselves rather than merely as means. He criticises the idea that mere consciousness or life itself are intrinsically valuable: these states matter, he argues, because they are pre-requisites for other things that are valuable and make for a life worth living. There is, then, no absolute sanctity of human life. [1] He criticises the principle of double effect[2] and the acts and omissions doctrine,[3] the notion that there is a huge moral difference between killing someone and intentionally letting them die. In his discussion of real cases of moral decisions about killing he draws on insights from history and literature as well as philosophy. Throughout, the emphasis is on the consequences of moral choices for those affected, rather than on abstract principles applied impersonally. In Humanity: A Moral History of the Twentieth Century, published in 1999, Glover considers the psychological factors that predispose us to commit barbaric acts, and suggests how man-made moral traditions and the cultivation of moral imagination can work to restrain us from a ruthlessly selfish treatment of others. Gaining greater understanding of the monsters within us, he argues, is part of the process of caging and containing them. [4] He examines the various types of atrocity that were perpetrated in the 20th century, including Nazi genocide, communist mass killings under Stalin, Mao, and Pol Pot, and more recent slaughter in Bosnia and Rwanda, and examines what sort of bulwarks there could be against them. He allows that religion has provided bulwarks, which are getting eroded. He identifies three types of bulwark. The two more dependable are sympathy and respect for human dignity. The less dependable third is Moral Identity: â€Å"I belong to a kind of person who would not do that sort of thing†. This third is less dependable because notions of moral identity can themselves be warped, as was done by the Nazis. [5] In The End of Faith, Sam Harris quotes Glover as saying: â€Å"Our entanglements with people close to us erode simple self-interest. Husbands, wives, lovers, parents, children and friends all blur the boundaries of selfish concern. Francis Bacon rightly said that people with children have given hostages to fortune. Inescapably, other forms of friendship and love hold us hostage too†¦ Narrow self-interest is destabilized. â€Å"[citation needed] In 1989 the European Commission hired Glover to head a panel on embryo research in Europe. [6] He is married to Vivette Glover, a prominent neuroscientist. Jonathan is father to three and grandfather to one (father to Ruth, Daniel and David Glover and grandfather to Samuel Glover).

A Musculoskeletal Disorder Health And Social Care Essay

Biotechnologies is the survey of the correlativities between individuals and their work scenes. This involves planing or custom-making a occupation, workplace, tools, work procedures to run into the demands of its employees, non frailty versa. Here the associated or possible jeopardies are identified and eradicated. A musculoskeletal upset ( MSD ) entails an hurt, damage or unwellness impacting the articulations or other tissues of the weaponries, legs or the back. Hence ergonomics focuses on the hazard factors that increase the happening of musculoskeletal upsets and eliminates them. Biotechnologies strive to heighten the strong points and capablenesss of workers alternatively of holding them adapt to the workplace environment. These designs take into consideration the kineticss of the work force that is their age, sex, physical strength, rational ability, work experience, cultural outlooks and aspirations. ( Bellinger, 2001 ) There are general guidelines that workers need to follow with to forestall wellness jobs that occur with computing machine use. The chair used by office workers is fundamentally the most important portion of a safe working environment and its tallness should be able to be adjusted with one manus whilst seated before any other alterations to the keyboard or proctor ‘s location is done. This should besides hold lumbar support, if there is no support shock absorbers can supply same. To accomplish this topographic point a shock absorber at the curvature of the lower dorsum and on the chair. The worker ‘s pess should rest on the floor comfortably if that is non possible usage a pes remainder to make so. Use headsets if the occupation includes the frequent usage of a phone in combination with typing or composing alternatively of a phone that needs to be supported utilizing your caput and cervix. Research different manners of headsets until one that is suited or comfy for the occupation is found. Directly in forepart of the worker the proctor should be located about arm ‘s length, which is averagely eighteen- 20 eight inches ( 46 to seventy one centimetres ) off. At below oculus degree the top of the screen should be positioned. If illuming provides a blaze and is a job exchange off all overhead visible radiations and barricade off visible radiation from the Windowss. Ensure that the most luminescent visible radiation beginning comes to the side of the proctor. Lighting should be considered in the office as they create blazes that affect the proctor screen. A blaze screen to minimise the blaze on the screen should be utilized. A light with assorted control scenes to dimmer the visible radiations with undertaking lighting can be used. A undertaking visible radiation equally distributes the visible radiation throughout the room and reduces the overall lighting to cut the blaze. All these steps are to cut down oculus strain on the computing machine user. Computer users experience ocular uncomfortableness from uncorrected vision jobs that are more marked because of computing machine use, sight alterations as one age, wrong prescription spectacless or contact lens for computing machine use, bad workstation set up and lifestyle wonts like smoke, deficiency of slumber. The worker ‘s carpus should be at a heterosexual, natural place when typewriting, avoid flexing up or down or to either side. The keyboard and proctor should be centered in forepart of the worker ‘s organic structure. Maintain an vertical place when seated, thighs should be kept horizontal with articulatio genuss and hips at the same degree and throughout working your forearms should be degree or tilted up somewhat. To help in cut downing the emphasis on your carpuss and place a wrist remainder should be used, with the custodies and carpuss kept above it. Ensure that interruptions are taken by resting the heels or thenars of the custodies alternatively of the carpus. At the side of the keyboard the mouse should be kept in an easy accessible place. The carpus should be in a natural and comfy location whilst utilizing the mouse. Tools or objects that are used for work should be kept within easy range to avoid over stretching. To avoid this base up and make for needful points that can non be accessed whilst seated. There are measurement specifications for the desk which is at least 19 inches deep, 30 inches broad and based on the workers height up to thirty four inches high. Do non hive away any points under the desk so that the legs, articulatio genuss and thighs are clear. Some chairs are excessively high and pess do non make the flat on the floor, contemplate the usage of a pes remainder. Set up work station so that one does non hold to make over their shoulder. Encourage workers to change their work undertakings. Ensure that workers take interruptions from their work to alleviate oculus strain and weariness. Provide holders for paperss to ease easiness of responsibilities public presentation. The worker should seek to avoid feeling stressed when utilizing computing machines particularly when their occupation demands do non fit their computing machine user ‘s cognition, resources and abilities. If these conditions and other more elaborate guidelines are non followed so assorted wellness jobs can happen. Harmonizing to Bellinger ( 2001 ) the following tabular array contains these wellness jobs with their preventive steps. Disorder ( Body Part Affected ) Description Symptoms Lending Factors Normally Recommended Preventive Measures Bursitis ( Joints ) Swelling or annoyance of the fluid filled sac beneath the sinews ( Bursa ) . Pain and stiffness exacerbated by motion. Injury or overexploitation during work. Often occurs in persons, who are ill conditioned, have bad position, or utilize the affected limb in an awkward position. Reduce or avoid the activity that caused the issue. Use proper placement during the activity to forestall reoccurrence. Bursitis – Shoulder ( Shoulder/Upper Arm ) Swelling of one of the Bursa, located in the shoulder between the sinews and the caput of the humerus bone. Pain and stiffness aggravated by motion. Injury or overexploitation during work or drama. Often occurs in persons, who are ill conditioned, have bad position, or utilize the affected limb in an awkward position. Reduce or avoid the activity that caused the issue. Use proper placement during the activity to forestall reoccurrence. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ( Hand/Wrist ) Compaction of the average nervus in the carpal tunnel of the carpus. Numbness, prickling, and hurting in the carpus, pollex, index, center and pealing fingers – non the small finger. Early symptoms frequently wake people in the center of the dark. May besides include swelling, failing or awkwardness in the manus. Arm lift, adduction, and rotary motion. Reduce work done above shoulder degree. Computer Vision Syndrome ( Eyes ) Eye and vision jobs related to near work, experienced during or related to computing machine usage. Eyestrain, blurred near or distant vision, concern, dry or annoyed eyes, cervix or back achings, light sensitiveness, or dual vision. Rapid, frequently repeated finger motions, inordinate carpus divergences, inordinate or repeated forceful pinching and grasping. Swelling from next jobs may besides worsen or convey on carpal tunnel syndrome. Reduce or extinguish insistent work, wrist divergences, and forceful pinching and grasping. Avoiding or cut downing the activity that is doing the symptoms frequently alleviates symptoms in mild instances. Cubital Tunnel Syndrome ( Elbow/Ring and Little Fingers ) Compaction of the ulnar nervus below the notch of the cubitus. Often occurs in combination with median epicondylitis. Numbness, prickling and hurting in the ring and small fingers. May include awkwardness and failing in the manus. Besides frequently consequences in elbow hurting on the interior of the arm. Resting the cubitus on difficult surfaces or crisp borders, inordinate flexure of the cubitus making tenseness on the nervus. Avoid or cut down contact stressors or drawn-out force per unit area on the nervus. Avoid direct injury to the nervus. DeQuervain ‘s Disease/ Tenosynovitis ( Wrist and Forearm ) Irritation of the sinews on the side of the carpus which moves the pollex, and at the base of pollex. Pain and swelling on the side of the carpus and forearm merely above the pollex. Combined forceful gripping and manus distortion. Reduce force to custodies. Keep custodies in impersonal positions. Dry Eye Syndrome ( Eyes ) The diminution in the quality or measure of cryings that bathe the oculus. Dry, ruddy, or annoyed eyes, contact lens uncomfortableness, or inordinate physiological reaction lacrimation. Decreased wink rate. High regard angle. Dry office environment. Take a interruption every 30 proceedingss and look 30 pess off for 30 seconds. Epicondylitis Medial Epicondylitis ( Golfer ‘s Elbow ) Lateral Epicondylitis ( Tennis Elbow ) Irritation or redness of the bumps ( epicondyles ) on either the exterior or interior of the cubitus or environing tissues. Medial is on the interior of cubitus and sidelong on the exterior of the cubitus. Tenderness and hurting at the affected site. May besides include hurting in the forearm musculuss. Unaccustomed strenuous activity or inordinate emphasis of the forearm musculuss or sinews that bend or straighten the carpus and manus. Reduce or avoid activities that require usage of the flexor musculuss in a bending gesture or hold oning with the manus. Lumbosacral Strain/ Sprain ( Spine ) Abnormal divergences of alliance that cause compaction to the bony constructions and tenseness on musculuss and ligaments. Low back hurting and possible hurting in the legs. Faulty alliance, standing for long periods, unguarded forward bending, sudden forceful motion. Besides hapless conditioning, improper usage, fleshiness, and smoke. Reduce inactive burden, transporting, manual stuff handling, and hapless back positions. When lifting, usage right lifting and traveling techniques and acquire aid if an object is excessively heavy or an awkward size or form. Sciatica ( Lower Back/ Legs ) Pain along the class of the sciatic nervus, which runs from the lower back down the dorsum of the legs. Trouble extends down the posterior thigh and lower leg to the sole of the pes and along the sidelong facet of the lower leg to the back of the pes. Pressure on one or more of the nervus roots lending to the sciatic nervus. Mechanical factor of compaction or tenseness. Pain frequently occurs following an unusual motion or effort that causes a tear in one or more of the intervertebral phonograph record. Reduce or avoid manual stuff handling. Avoid lifting and distortion at the same clip. Avoid sitting in a slouched position. Tendinitis ( Joints ) Inflammation or annoyance of a sinew. Tendons attach musculuss to castanetss. Occurs most frequently in the flexor and extensor sinews of the fingers, pollex, forearm, cubitus, or shoulder. Symptoms can run from specific hurting, stiffness, stringency, and firing esthesiss to a deep, nonspecific hurting. Grasp can be impaired. Injury or overexploitation during work or drama. Often occurs in persons, who are ill conditioned, have bad position, or utilize the affected limb in an awkward position. Reduce or avoid the activity that caused the issue. Use proper placement during the activity to forestall reoccurrence. Tendinitis ( Elbow ) Elbow sinew redness. See tendinitis. Insistent forceful efforts of forearm, rotary motions around elbow joint. Reduce manus fasteners. Tendinitis ( Wrist ) Inflammation and thickener of the sinews in the carpus. See tendinitis. Forceful ulnar divergence and thumb force per unit area, insistent carpus gesture, forceful carpus extension, and pronation. Reduce repeats, hapless positions, and forceful gestures. Tension Neck Syndrome ( Neck ) Irritation of the levator shoulder blade and trapezium, all musculuss of the cervix. Causes tightening of the musculuss in the cervix. Neck stiffness every bit good as concerns. Concerns are frequently described as a force per unit area esthesis around the caput. Pain may construct and escalate at the terminal of twenty-four hours. Lateral, inactive motion of the caput and cervix – flexure or extension of the cervix. Ensure proper cervix positions, correct working highs, and adjust ocular cues. Tendinitis ( Elbow ) Elbow sinew redness. See tendinitis. Insistent forceful efforts of forearm, rotary motions around elbow joint. Reduce manus fasteners. Implementing biotechnologies into the workplace is to a company ‘s addition, it is good concern as it assists in maximising the staff ‘s potency. Not merely must direction see the demand for biotechnologies but staff must be sensitized to these preventive steps. Workers excessively must cognize what biotechnologies wholly entails and appreciate its values in the workplace. This sensitisation can happen through assorted educational preparations steps like workshops, in-services and classs. Throughout this study it has been shown how critical biotechnologies is and the wellness jobs associated to same if these preventive steps are non complied with.